Symptoms of Genitourinary Cancers

Genitourinary cancers affect the urinary system and reproductive organs. Being aware of symptoms can aid in early detection and treatment. Common symptoms include:

• Changes in Urination:
  • Frequent urination, especially at night (nocturia).
  • Painful urination (dysuria), with discomfort or a burning sensation.
  • Blood in urine (hematuria), which may appear bright red or dark.
• Abdominal or Back Pain: Persistent pain in the lower abdomen or lower back.
• Unexplained Weight Loss: Significant weight loss without trying, often due to decreased appetite.
• Fatigue: Persistent tiredness or weakness that does not improve with rest.
• Changes in Sexual Function:
  • Erectile dysfunction, common in prostate cancer.
  • Changes in libido or decreased interest in sexual activity.
• Swelling in the Legs or Feet (Edema): May occur due to urinary tract or lymphatic blockages.
• Testicular Changes:
  • Noticeable lump or swelling in one or both testicles, common in testicular cancer.
  • Persistent pain or discomfort in the testicles or scrotum.
• Jaundice: Yellowing of the skin and eyes, associated with liver involvement or bile duct cancers.
• Pelvic Pain: Discomfort or pain in the pelvic area, which may indicate advanced disease.

Common Treatment Options

• Surgery
  • Radical Prostatectomy
  • Cystectomy
  • Nephrectomy
  • Orchiectomy
  • Ureterectomy
• Radiation Therapy
• Chemotherapy
• Targeted Therapy
• Immunotherapy
• Hormone Therapy

Supportive Care and Rehabilitation

• Palliative Care: Focuses on managing symptoms, pain relief, and improving quality of life for patients with advanced cancer.
• Rehabilitation Services: Includes physical therapy and counseling to help patients regain strength and cope with the emotional aspects of cancer treatment.

Multidisciplinary Care Approach

The treatment of genitourinary cancers involves a team of specialists, including:

• Medical Oncologists: Experts in systemic treatments such as chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
• Surgical Oncologists: Perform surgical procedures to remove tumors and affected tissues.
• Radiation Oncologists: Specialize in administering radiation therapy.
• Urologists: Provide expertise in urinary tract health and surgical treatments.
• Nurses and Support Staff: Offer essential care and support throughout the treatment journey.